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Jack planes are woodworking tools that are used for dressing timber down to size and preparing it for truing and edge jointing. They are usually the first plane used on rough stock but can also perform some of the work of smoothing and jointer planes on smaller pieces.
The name jack plane dates back to at least the 17th century and was a term used to describe many tools used for rough work. Being a common first name, the term jack came to be used as a disdainful name for the common man, as well as common tools and jobs. The jack plane has also become associated with the related term "jack of all trades" as they can be adjusted to suit different tasks.